1999年全国职称英语等级考试试卷及答案

综合与人文类（A级）第一部分

一、词汇（共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）

下面共有20个句子，每个句子下面有4个选项。其中1～10句的每个句子中均有一
处空白，请从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案：11～20句的每个句子中均有1个词或
词组划有底横线，请从4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或词组代替
句中的划线部分。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

1.I didn''t help him. I would have I didn''t have the money.

A) or B) but C) otherwise D) still

2.What did he say in the letter? I really can''t it out.

A) make B) put C) run D)give

3.They called the match because of rain.

A)out B)off C)back D)upon

4.The result of the experiment was not to publish.

A)interesting B)too interesting C)enough interesting D)so interesting

5.I could hear nothing except the roar of aircraft engines which all
other sounds.

A)overcame B)overtook C)suppressed D)drowned

6.I am sure the soup tastes .

A)well B)deliciously C)goodly D)good

7.Teenagers who discover they were often search for their biological
parents when they

are old enough.

A)adapted B)adopted C)brought up D)looked after.

8.The French Revolution was a period of ,but produced some great
literature.

A)chaos B)interest C)imagination D)success

9.There is a tendency to childless women as being hard and career-
orientated.

A)use B)make C)believe D)regard

10. you become famous your private life comes under public scrutiny.

A)However B)Once C)Whatever D)Until

11.I wonder what your aim in life is.

A)symbol B)goal C)action D)attitude

12.It is useless to argue with him once he has made up his mind.

A)settled B)solved C)said D)decided

13.The father was unwilling to give his son the keys to his car.

A)reluctant B)eager C)pleased D)angry

14.As a writer,he turned out three novels that year.

A)refused B)read C)produced D)accepted

15.Winston Churchill gave a moving speech.

A)nervous B)foolish C)stirring D)fast

16.We tried to restrict our conversation to arguments relevant to the
topic.

A)put B)suit C)confine D)resort

17.It doesn''t stand to reason that he would lie.

A)seem logical B)look pleasant C)appear obvious D)sound important

18.Fields neighbouring the nuclear plant are higher than regular
levels of radioactivity.

A)significant B)usual C)important D)harmful

19.The investigation covers an extremely broad spectrum of topics.

A)number B)gap C)range D)selection

20.When we visited the country,our principal impression was one of
poverty and hardship.

A)main B)central C)unforgettable D)strong

二、阅读理解（共25小题，每小题2分，共50分）

下面有5篇短文，每篇短文后有5个问题，每个问题后面都有4个备选答案。请仔
细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从 >4个备选答案中选择1个最佳答案
涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

第一篇 Let Them Watch It

One hot night last July, when our new baby wouldn''t or couldn''t
sleep, I tried everything I could think of: a warm bottle, songs,
gentle rocking. Nothing would settle him. Guessing that I had a long
night ahead of me, I brought a portable TV into his room, figuring
that watching the late movie was as good a way as any to kill off the
hours until dawn. To my surprise, as soon as the TV lit up, the baby
quieted right down, his little eyes focused brightly on the tube. Not
to waste an opportunity for sleep, I then tip-toed out of the room,
leaving him to watch the actors celebrate John Bellushi''s forty-fifth
birthday. My wife and I heard no more of the baby that night, and the
next morning when I went into his room, I found him still watching TV
himself.

I found in my baby''s behaviour a metaphor (暗喻) for the new
generation. My wife and I had given him some books to examine, but he
merely spit upon them. When we read to him, he did not feel
comfortable. And so it is in the schools. We find that our students
don''t read, that they look down upon reading and scold those of us
who teach it. All they want to do is watch TV. After this experience
with the baby, however, I have reached a conclusion: let them watch
it. If television is that much more attractive to children than
books, why should we fight it? Let then watch it all they want!

21. The author brought a TV set into his son''s room to

A) make his son stop crying.

B) spend the night watching TV.

C) leave it to his son.

D) make his son fall asleep as soon as possible.

22. The baby''s reaction to the TV was

A) unexpected. B) exciting. C. awful. D. calm.

23. From the passage we know that the author is

A) a doctor. B) an editor. C) a writer. D. teacher.

24. According to the passage, which is true of the school children?

A) They prefer reading to watching TV.

B) They like watching TV only after school.

C) They would rather watch TV than read books.

D) They like their teachers who teach them reading.

25. What do you think is the author''s attitude toward TV expressed in
the last two sentences?

A) Angry. B) Serious. C) Ironical. D) Joking.

第二篇 Prolonging Human Life

Prolonging human life has increased the size of the human population.
Many people alive today would have died of childhood diseases if they
had been born 100 years ago. Because more people live longer, there
are more people around at any given time. In fact, it is a decrease
in death rates, not an increase in birth rates, that has led to the
population explosion.

Prolonging human life has also increased the dependency (依赖) load.
In all societies, people who are disabled or too young or too old to
work are dependent on the rest of society to provide for them. In
hunting and gathering cultures, old people who could not keep up
might be left behind to die. In times of famine (饥荒), infants might
be allowed to die because they could not survive if their parents
starved, whereas if the parents survived they could have another
child. In most contemporary societies, people feel a moral obligation
to keep people alive whether they can work or not. We have a great
many people today who live past the age at which they want to work or
are able to work; we also have rules which require people to retire
at a certain age. Unless these people were able to save money for
their retirement, somebody else must support them. I the United
States many retired people love on social security checks which are
so little that they must live in near poverty. Older people have more
illness than young or middle-aged people; unless they have wealth or
private or government insurance, they must often ''go on welfare'' if
they have a serious illness.

When older people become senile (年老的) or too weak and ill to care
for themselves, they create grave problems for their families. In the
past and in some traditional cultures, they would be cared for at
home until they died. Today, with most members of a household working
or in school, there is often no one at home who can care for a sick
or weak person. To meet this need, a great many nursing homes and
convalescent hospitals (康复医院) have been built. These are often
profit-making organizations, although some are sponsored by religious
and other nonprofit groups. While a few of these institutions are
good, most of them are simply ''dumping grounds'' for the dying in
which ''care'' is given by poorly paid, overworked and underskilled
personnel.

26. The author believes that the population explosion has resulted
from

A) an increase in birth rates.

B) the industrial development.

C) a decrease in death rates.

D) human beings'' cultural advances.

27. It can be inferred from the passage that in hunting and gathering
cultures

A) it was a moral responsibility to keep old-aged people alive.

B) the survival of infants was less important than that of their
parents in times of starvation.

C)old people lived on social security checks.

D) the survival of infants was more important than that of their
parents in times of starvation.

28. According to the passage, which of the following statements about
the old people in the

United States is TRUE?

A) Many of them have a hard life.

B) They can live a decent life even without enough bank savings.

C) They rely mainly on their children for financial support.

D) Most of them live with their children and therefore are well
looked after.

29. In paragraph three, the phrase ''this need'' refers to the need

A) to prolong the dying old people''s lives.

B) to enrich the life of the retired people.

C) to build profit-making nursing homes.

D) to take care of sick or weak people.

30. Which of the following best describes the author''s attitude
toward most of the nursing

homes and convalescent hospitals?

A) Sympathetic. B) Unfriendly. C)Optimistic. D)Critical.

第三篇 Television: First Digital Broadcasts Are Transmitted

The age of digital television kicked off on November 1, 1998, ac
about 40 TV stations around the United States aired the first digital
broadcasts. Few people were able to experience the new technology,
however, as high equipment costs and other drawbacks (缺点) have
deterred (阻止) most consumers from purchasing the type of TV sets
needed to receive the broadcasts.

The date was a target set by industry and government officials to
begin moving television from the current analog (模拟）standard to a
digital one. Digital television (also known as high-definition
television, or HDTV) allows stations to broadcast high-resolution
pictures and digital-quality sound, or alternatively to transmit as
many as six different programs in the same amount of broadcast
spectrum currently used by one analog broadcast. Sports events,
feature films, and hit prime-time shows were some of the digital
broadcasts planned by major networks in November.

But because few television stations have installed the expensive
technology, some observers estimate that as few as 100 of the newly
introduced digital television sets had been sold across the country
at the November 1 milestone. Prices for the first HDTV systems on the
market start at about $7000 each, and the sets are not compatible
with cable television systems. Cable-ready digital sets are not
expected to be available until November 1999, according to an
agreement between television manufacturers and the cable industry
that was announced in early November.

A number of stations actually got a jump on the November 1 kickoff
when they aired a live digital broadcast of the launch of the space
shuttle Discovery, which carried 77-year-old astronaut John Glenn, on
October 29.

The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has mandated (要求) that
the broadcasting industry reach certain milestones as part of the
implementation of digital television. For example, all network
affiliates (分支机构) in the top 10 U.S. markets must introduce
digital broadcasting by May 1, 1999; all affiliates in the top 30
markets must do so by November 1, 1999; and all commercial stations,
by May 1, 2002, at which time stations will the transition to digital
television be completed by the end of 2006, at which time stations
will surrender their analog spectrum. But this date could be extended
if digital television has not penetrated at least 85 percent of the
market.

31. Few people were able to enjoy digital broadcasts on November 1,
1998 because

A) manufacturers of TV equipment had not yet produced enough HDTVs.

B) many TV viewers had gone out to play football.

C) equipment needed to receive the digital signals had been too
expensive.

D) TV stations hadn''t installed the digital technology to make
programs.

32 . One of the advantages of digital television is that

A) it will surely attract more television viewers.

B) it can make full use of the current channels.

C) costs of making television programs will be reduced.

D) HDTV systems are completely compatible with cable TV systems.

33. From an agreement between TV manufacturers and the cable
industry, we can infer that

A) cable systems will be separated from HDTV systems.

B) digital television sets will be made compatible with cable
television systems.

C) HDTV stations will help cable TV companies technologically.

D) HDTV stations will support cable TV companies financially.

34. According to the passage, which of the following statements is
true?

A)Digital television technology was actually used in launching the
space shuttle

Columbia.

B) 77-year-old astronaut John Glenn got his first HDTV on October 29.

C) The number of digital TV stations increased dramatically on
November 1.

D) Several digital television stations aired a broadcast of the
launch of Discovery.

35. According to FCC''s schedule.

A) all TV stations must introduce digital broadcasting by May 1, 2002.

B) digital systems must penetrate at least 85 percent of the market
by May 1, 1999.

C) the best 10 TV networks must begin digital broadcasting by
November 1, 1999.

D) all TV stations will stop broadcasting analog programs by the end
of 2006.